Electric-arc lamp.



(No Model.)

Patented Apr. I7, |900. C. A. PFLUGER.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

(Application filed Aug. 7, 1895.) A

2 Sheets-Sheet I.

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No. 647,874. Patented Apr. I7, |900.

c. A. PFLUGER.

ELECTRIC ARG LAMP.

(Application led Aug. 7, 1895.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets--Sheet 2l we Noam; PETERS co, morn-Lumofmsmumqu, o, c.

UNrrnD STATES AAffen Prien.'

CHARLES A. PFLUGER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

ELeoTmo-ARC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent o. 647,874, dated April 17, 1900.'

Application filed August 7, 1895.

va series lamp; but I have also applied my invention to constant-potential arc-lamps and do not wish to be limited, therefore, to any particular application of it.

The invention really consists of several features, and they may be combined together in a single lamp or may be separated and used with other constructions. Thus the feature which I have shown touching the shunt-magnet could be used alone and apart from the other mechanism or with some other meeh- 'anism.

My illustration of the invention and its se veral features in connection with a series lamp should be taken as illustrative in a general way Without being such as to'limit me to its use or the use of any particular feature in connection with other features not essential to its operation.

I have illustrated lhevseries lamp in the drawings, wherein- Figure l is a side elevation of a complete lamp. Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of the circuits. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the lamp mechanism with the parts at rest and the carbone in contact with each other. Fig. 4 is a View of the similar parts with the lamp in operation. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the lamp mechanism. Fig. 6 is a cross-section through the shunt-magnet. Figs. 7 and 8 are details.

Like parts are indicated by the same letter in all the figures.

A A are the carbons, the upper suspended from the carbon-rod B and the lower rising from the carbon-holder B', which is supported by the side bars B2.

B3 is the case or frame which contains the mechanism, and B4 the tube above for the movement of the carbonrod.

Serial No. 558.562. (No model.)

C is the series magnet in the series with the carbons A A.

D `is the shunt-magnet.

X is the resistance, and X' the cut-out magnet, which are placed together in a shunt circle.

E is the bottom of the case containing the mechanism. On it is placed the insulationstrip E', and on this is secured the bed-plate E2, to which the several parts of the lamp mechanism are secured. The series magnet C is secured to the lower end of`an angleplate C', to the upper end of which is pivoted the armature C2, and to this armature is pivoted thelink C3, pivoted to the end of the lever C4, which lever is yoke-shaped at C5 and pivoted on the cross-rod C5 and provided witha thumb-screw C7, pivotally supported on the pin Cs and with the tail C. At the lower end of the thumb-screw C7 is a spring Cw, the lower end of which is attached to the arm D', depending from the shuntmagnet lever D2. This lever is formed With parallel bars and is attached at one extremity to the dash-pot D3, opposed to the rod D4, and carries the pin D5, on which the cores DG of the shunt magnet or solenoids D D are suspended. They are preferably secured with the keeper D7, on Which is mounted the bearing-plate DS, with the lugs D9 D9 to receive the pivoted pin. This lever is pivoted by the pin D10 to the rigid frame-piece DH. This frame-piece is attached to and forms part of the vertical bars D12, Which, together with the bottom piece D13 and top piece D, constitute the vertical frame of the lamp. This vertical frame is secured to the bottom cross-piece E2, and thus the frame for supporting the operatin g mechanism is formed.

Returning to the shunt-magnet lever, We find that a link F is secured thereto, but insulated therefrom, by t-he insulation-blocks F'. This link is pivoted at F 2 to one end of the clutch F3, which surrounds the carbonrod. At the other end of the clutch is the downwardly-pulling spring F4, which tends to pull the clutch. down in opposition to the upward pull of the link F on the opposite side of the carbon-rod. interposedv in the path of the clutch is the insulation-block F,

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supported on the block Ffgwhieh is supported on the adjustable rod F7. The block F( is adjustable along the screw by means of the thumb-nut FS and is secured in position by means of the set-screw Ff.

G is a bracket on the side of the framepiece D12, and secured thereto, but insulated therefrom, is the cut-out magnet G in series with the resistance G2, as indicated in Figs. 2 and 3.

J is a main conductor which leads into the series magnet C, J leading thence down through the plate E to the lower carbon.

J2 is a brush mechanism engaging the upper carbon, and J3 the conductor leading thence to the opposite main wire.

Jl is a conductor leading to the resistance G2, J5 a conductor leading from the resistance to the cut-out coil G', and JU a conductor leading from the resistance-coil to the shunt-mag net. Thence a conductor JT leads to the opposite binding-post.

Mounted on the frame of the lamp is a spring contact-plate K, having a hole through which the carbon-rod B passes.

K' is an enlarged head on the carbon-rod too large to pass through such hole.

K2 is a contact-plate secured on, but insulated from, the frame and adapted to engage the spring-plate K when the latter is forced down.

Referring to the shunt magnet or solenoids D, I have provided them with upper cores N N, which are shorter than the solenoids, and I have provided in the bottom of .each coil separate short lower cores L L on the plate M, which is received into an aperture in the lower part of the solenoid-frame and is capable of a slight vertical motion with the other cores. Secured tothe frame of the lamp is a spring O, which is shaped at 0 as shown and passes up between the lugs O2 G on the side bars of the shuntmagnet lever D2. The spring O has a downwardly-depending block O4, which is opposed to the core O5 of the cutout magnet. There is a certain amount of play between the end of the spring and the lug O3, as indicated in Fig.

The use and operation of my invention are as follows: The form in which I have shown my invention is that of a series lamp, with the carbons in contact when the lamp is out of use. If now the current be applied, it is evident that a considerable current will pass through the series magnet and through the two carbons, which are together. This will energize the series magnet C and draw down its armature C2 and also draw down the link C3, thus tilting the lever Clon its pi voted pin C5 and raising the thumb-screw G7 and spring CIU. Since this spring is attached to the frame D on the lever D?, from which lever is suspended by the link F the clutch F3, itis evident that the clutch will be raised, and since upon being slightly raised it is cramped upon the carbon-rod by the action of the spring Fl it is plain that this action will separate the carbons and establish the are. The lamp new proceedsinsomewhattheusualmanner. The current shun ted in the shunt magnet or solenoids D by the increased resistance at the are, theparts being properly adjusted, will tend to draw down the lever D2, and thus lower the parts, including the clutch and carbon-rod, until the clutch, having engaged the block F, is caused to slightly release its grip upon the carbon-rod B and permit such rod to move slightly downward. One ot' the difliculties which arises in this process of feeding is in cidentto the fact that the spring or other elas- O tic or yielding medium against which the le ver which supports the clutch is caused to move is variable. Thus ith appens that when the arc is established*as, Afor example, on a potential of forty-live volts, when the resistance is slightly increased at the are and the voltage is raised slightly-a sufficient current will be shunted to the shuntvmagnet and solenoid to cause it to draw down its arinature against the action of the spring which holds it up. This will of course graduallyincrease the tension of the spring and in a greater ratio than the increased energizing effect of the shunt magnets or solenoids incident 'to the increasing current passed through them. The tendency, therefore, is to make the lamp feed at a higher voltage than its normal or proper voltage. At the end of the stroke, so to speak, or just when it is ready to feed there is an additional resistance to the action of the .magnet incident to the Vfact that it must re lease the clutch from the rod and in so doing must force the clutch downwardljT against the action of the spring which holds it upon its support. There is therefore need oli' an increased force or action in the shunt magnet or solenoid at the momentwhen it is about to feed, and this increased force in order to produce satisfactory results and cause the lamp to :feed at substantially its normal voltage must be greater than the increase incident to the increase of current passing through the shunt. As one means of effecting this object l have introduced into the lower part of the shunt magnets or solenoids two short cores on an armature, which cores extend into the lower ends of the coils or helices and which, together with their armature, are capable of a slight upward motion. rlhey are adjusted with reference to the coils so as to be drawn up against the lower end of the magnets when the latter are traversed by a current of the normal voltage of the lamp-nas, for instance, forty-five. Under these conditions the feeding operation last-above described will be modified as follows: As soon as the current is materially above forty-live volts it will not only draw downv the shunt-magnet leveil in opposition to this supporting-spring responsive to the variations in the current flowing through the shunt-magnet, but the cores L L will be drawn up quickly into the magnets and will create an additional 'field of force and apply a considerable additional u [jiwfnfd IOC cease@ tendency to the shunt-magnet armature, causing the feed to take place earlier than it otherwise would do-in other words, causing it to taleplace before the current has risen materially above the normal, or, say, forty-five volts.

Of course the particular mechanism which I have shown for increasing the action of the shunt magnets or solenoids or for accelerating the motion of the clutch-supporting mechanism may be greatly varied andthe desired result may be attained in other ways than by the particular means which I have described. This constitutes one of the im portant features of my invention.

If the lamp fails to feed by reason of the sticking of the carbon-rod or other such difficulty, so that the current through the'shunt is greatly increased, the parts will ultimately be brought down into the position indicated in Fig. 4; but the lug or armature O4 on the spring O is in contact with the core of the cut-out magnet G, which core is itself the terminal of the coil of said magnet. These parts would be as indicated in Fig. 3. In other words, at the moment of contact between the armature O4 and the core of the magnet G their parts would be in the position indicated in Fig. 4. Under the conditions assumed the current would pass from one terminal of the lamp to the other through the cut-out magnet, which would practically divert the current from both the series and shunt magnets. The effect of this action would be such as to release the burden of the spring C10 at both ends, so to speak; but in experience it is found that this spring or such similar spring as is employed will at least momentarily interrupt the circuit of the cutout magnet, causing the formation of an arc. I avoid this effect by putting the contact for the cut-out magnet on a spring which has a slight play between the two lugs Ozand O5 on the side bar of the shunt-magnet lever. The establishment, therefore, of a cut-out circuit takes place without arcing, and the parts assume practically the position shown in Fig. 3. If the carbons are then readjusted, so as to establish the original conditions, the current when applied will cause the same action as before. The peculiar manner in which I have effected these various connections between the levers and magnets need not be very fully described. The main-circuit magnet draws down on its link C3 and tilts the lever C4, thus drawing upwardly on the spring C10, and since it is connected by the armature D with a lever D2 the same is drawn upwardly. The two levers are therefore connected by one and the same spring, which thus when extended acts in opposition to both magnets. When the spring is extended by the magnets, its operation is satisfactory; but when the magnets release their respective armatures lthe two levers would go into inoperative positions were it not for the tailpiece on the lever C4. In

other words, there must be a stop to limit the action of the two levers toward each other and resist the spring. The stop for the clutch is illustrated more fully in Figs. 7 and S. It is easily adjustable by simply turning the thumb-nut F8 and then setting the screw F9.

As previously stated, I do not desire to be limited to the particular mechanism shown nor to the employment of all these various details in one and the same lamp, as they may be fully utilized alone. Moreover, as previously pointed out, the effects or results which interchangeably where one is capable of being substituted for the other.

I claim- 1. In an arc-lamp, the combination of a movable carbon-carrier with a magnet or solenoid which controls the same and a movable accelerating device associated with said magnet to increase its action beyond the increase resulting from the norm al increased current iiowing therethrough.

2. In an arc-lamp the combination of a movable carbon-carrier with a magnet or solenoid which controls the same and an accelerating device associated with said magnet comprising means for increasing the strength of the effective magnetic field of such magnet or solenoid beyond the increase due to the normal increase of the current fiowing therethrough, said accelerating device consisting of a secondary core independent of the carbon-car rier and adapted to be moved by the magnetic action of the solenoid.

3. In an arc-lamp, the combination with a movable carbon-carrier ofl a magnet or solenoid which controls the same responsive to variations in the are, said solenoid provided at one end with a movable core connected with `the carbon-carrier and at the other end with an independent movable core, said latter core acting to change the strength of the solenoid at a predetermined point by varying its position therein.

et. In an arc-lam p the combination of a movable carbon-carrier with a shunt magnet or solenoid to control the same, means for increasing the effective action of the magnet or solenoid beyond its increased action due to the normal increase of current flowing therethrough comprising a secondary core inovably mounted in proximity to one end of said solenoid and adapted to be moved so as to vary its position with relation to the solenoid.

5. In an arc-lamp the combination of a movable carbon-carrier with a solenoid to control the saine and secondary movable cores in such solenoid adapted to be moved by the magnetic action of said solenoid so as to vary the length IOO IIO

extending into the solenoid whereby the power of the solenoid is increased toward the end of its action beyond 'the increase due to the normal increase of current flowing there through.

6. An arc-lamp, eomprising a solenoid, movable carbon-carrier connected with the core ol' said solenoid so as to oe controlled thereby, responsive to variations in the are, a movable secondary core aesoeiatolfl `with one end ot said solenoid and adanteffl te be moved by the magnetic attraction of. the Solenoid so ao to vary itrj position to increaee the action of the solenoid beyond the increase resulting from the normal increase ol current lioiving therethrough, and a limiting device aenooiated with Said Secondary core and adapted to limit its movement in either direction.

7. in an are-lamp the combinzlttien ol a eeries magnet With a ehnntnnagnet, tivo pivoted levera Controlled one by caen of Said magnete, a Spring which connects the two levers together and acte in opposition to both magnete and a clutch eiiopended from one of said levers, and a stop device to prevent tlV opi-ing; :from drawing the tvfo lever@y too eloeelj)v together.

S. In an arc-lamp the Combination el a Series magnet with a Shuntnnaggnet, tvfo pivoted levers controlled one by eaeli ej eaid magnete, a Spring whieh connecte the two levers together and acte` in opposition to both mahne and a clutch suspended lrom one oT eaid lovers, and a stop device lo prevent the spring Afrom drawing the two lovers too closely)r together, said Stop correlating ol a tailpiece on one ol. the levers to enga-ge the other.

9. ln an are-lamp the combination ol' a cnt ont magnet with a epringenepended armature therefor attached 'to a Spring-Support i and luge on the shnntmmgnet lever between which Said springenpport has s, Small. play.

l0. in an are-lamp the combination ol.' a ehnntmagnet with a movable part controlled thereby to iecd the carbone, a cnt-ont magnet and a circuit-closer carried by noch movable part simpended eo an to have a elight movement thereon and provided with a epi-ing support Contact to engage the onpoeed cntont contact.

ll. in an arc-lamp the combination ot' a movable carbon-carrier with a Solenoid to control the Same., and means for varying the Strength et said solenoid toward the end ot' ite action beyond the inoreate doe to the normal increaee of current .llmvingr therethrough, en id means Comprising a movable core independent ol' the corbeil-carrier and no poeltioned as to be automatically moved by the Solenoid, substantially described.

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